Overview Of ICT - Computerised and Non-Computerised

Computerised And Non-Computerised

EDUCATION

• education is the science of teaching and learning of specific skills
• it also imparts knowledge, good judgement and wisdom

BANKING SYSTEM

BANKING BEFORE ICT

• banking was done manually  by taking deposits directly
• transactions can only be made during working hours
• takes time to approve any loan applications

BANKING WITH ICT

• all transactions are done by computers
• transaction can be done at anytime and place
• online services, phone banking system, credit cards are available

INDUSTRY

INDUSTRY BEFORE ICT

• Production was slow because everything was done manually and totally depended on human labour.

INDUSTRY WITH ICT

• Computers and telecommunications industry became very opular and profitable since production can be increased through an all day operation.

COMMERCE

Commerce is an activity of exchanging, buying and selling of commodities on a large scale involving transportation from place to place.

COMMERCE BEFORE ICT

• Trading was made using the barter system and it was then later developed into currency.
• Advertisement was in the form of word of mouth, billboards and printed flyers.
• Trading globally was extremely slow, late and expensive. Traders had to find ways to market local products in the global market.

COMMERCE WITH  ICT

• E-commerce plays an important role in the economic scene. It includes distribution, buying, selling and servicing products that are done electronically.

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 Others Lesson : | click lesson to view |

• Define ICT.
• Describe the brief evolution of computers.
• List the usage of ICT in everyday life.
• State the differences between computerised and non-computerised  systems.
• State the impact of ICT on society.

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Overview Of ICT - Usage Of ICT In Daily Life

Usage Of ICT In Daily Life

EDUCATION

Today, most schools and higher educational institutions have computers in the classroom for teacher and students. In education, teachers, students, researchers and school administrators benefits from the usage of ICT.

• Teachers use computers to research for teaching materials, participate in online forums and online conferences as well as to aid their teaching.
• Students use the computers as a reference tool. They use computers to browse the Internet to look for information.
• Researchers use computers to collect and process data.
• School administrators use computers for administrative purposes to make sure that the entire operation runs smoothly.

BANKING

The computer is the nerve centre of the banking system around the world. It functions to control the entire banking system that also includes 'Electronic Banking Services'.

Electronic banking provides 24 hour services. The services include :

• Automated Teller Machine (ATM)
• Cheque Deposit
• Electronic Fund Tranfer
• Direct Deposit
• Pay by phone system
• Personal computer banking/ internet banking

In the banking sector, customers, businessman and bank administrator benefits from the usage of ICT.

• Customers can make any transactions at the 24 hour service centres or via online.These services allow them to do transaction at anytime they want.
• Businessmen can save their time by using the online services offered by banks. They can access company accounts for loan applications, business transactions and update on their cash flow at any time.
• Bank administrators can oversee the entire banking activities such as reconciliations, inter-branch transactions (IBT), telegraphic transfer and others by referring to the banking system.

INDUSTRY

Computers are used to facilitate production planning and control systems, to support chain management and to help in product design in the industrial sector.In the industrial sector ,workers, researchers and administrator benefits from the usage of ICT.

• Workers use machines that are connected to computers to operate. In some productions, robots are used to take over jobs that are dangerous to the workers.
• Researchers use computers to analyse and collect research data for future reference.
• Administrators use computers to oversee the entire operations in the plant or factory to detect specific errors or defects that occurred in the process.

E-COMMERCE

E-commerce helps in boosting the economy. It makes buying and selling activities easier, more efficient and faster. For this application, computers, Internet and shared software are needed.

In the e-commerce sector ,customers r, suppliers and employees benefits from the usage of ICT.

• Customers use computers to be connected online with suppliers to purchase products. This method can save time and cost as they do not have to go to any outlets.
• Suppliers use computers to keep track of their transactions. All products are bar coded and can be read by the computer scanner to help in determining prices and managing inventory.
• Employees use computers and telephones to communicate with their customers for any enquiries. The system helps employees to get the latest updates on inventory to be informed to the customers.

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 Others Lesson : | click lesson to view |

• Define ICT.
• Describe the brief evolution of computers.
• List the usage of ICT in everyday life.
• State the differences between computerised and non-computerised  systems.
• State the impact of ICT on society.

 

 

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Overview Of ICT - Evolution Of Computer

FIRST GENERATION (1940-1956)

The first generation of computer were huge, slow, expensive and often unreliable. In 1946, two Americans, Presper Eckert and Willian Mauchly build the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer). It use vacuum tube instead of mechanical switches of the MARK 1.

In 1951, Eckert and Mauchly build the UNIVAC, which could calculate at the rate of 10,000 addition per seconds.

SECOND GENERATION (1956-1963)

 

The creation of transistor spark the production of a wave of second generation computer. Transistor was small devices use to transfer electronic signals across a resister. Transistors had many advantages compared to other hardware technology.

• transistors were smaller than vacuum tubes
• they needed no warm up time
• consumed less energy
• generated much less heat
• faster and more reliable

THIRD GENERATION (1964-1971) 

In the third generation era, the IBM 370 series were introduced in 1964. It came in several models and sizes.It was used for business and scientific programs. Other computer models introduced were CDC 7600 and B2500.

The development of integrated circuit (IC), signal the beginning of the third generation computers. Silicone chips were manufactured in 1961 at the Silicone Valley. Then came the integrated circuit technology, which had reduced the size and cost of computers.

It is a complete electronic circuit on a small chip of silicone. Which is also known as semi conductor. Other than that, the Magnetic Core Memory was replaced by a device called the microchip. Also the first 256 bit RAM was introduced and it was the basis for development of 1K bit RAM.

 

FOURTH GENERATION (1971-PRESENT)

It took only 55 years for the 4 generations to evolve. The growth of the computer industry developed technologies of computer inventions. There are many types of computer models such as:

• Apple Macintosh
• IBM
• DELL
• ACER

In 1971 Intel created the first microprocessor. In 1976, Steve Jobs built the first Apple computer. Then, in 1981, IBM introduced its first personal computer.

During the fourth generation,  hardware technology such as silicone chips,  microprocessor and storage devices were invented. A microprocessor is a specialized chip which is developed for computer memory and logic.

FIFTH GENERATION (PRESENT & BEYOND)

The fifth generation computers are technologically advance and are still being development to become more efficient.

The inventions of new hardware technology in the fifth generation have grown rapidly including many other modern computer devices such as :

• silicone chips
• processor
• robotics
• virtual reality
• intelligent systems
• programs which translate languages

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 Others Lesson : | click lesson to view |

• Define ICT.
• Describe the brief evolution of computers.
• List the usage of ICT in everyday life.
• State the differences between computerised and non-computerised  systems.
• State the impact of ICT on society.

Read More

Overview Of ICT - Define ICT

What is ICT

ICT is the technology required for information processing, in particular, the use of electronic computers, communication devices and software applications to convert, store, protect, process, transmit and retrieve information from anywhere, anytime.

INFORMATION

Information refers to the knowledge obtained from reading, investigation, study or research.

TECHNOLOGY

Technology is the use of scientific knowledge, experience and resources to create processes and products that fulfill human needs. Technology is vital in communication.

COMMUNICATION

Communication is an act of transmitting messages. It is a process whereby information is exchanged between individuals using symbols, signs or verbal interactions. Previously, people communicated through sign or symbols, performing drama and poetry. With the advent of technology, these ‘older’ forms of communication are less utilised as compared to the use of the Internet, e-mail or video conferencing

__________________________________________________________________________________
 Others Lesson : | click lesson to view |

• Define ICT.
• Describe the brief evolution of computers.
• List the usage of ICT in everyday life.
• State the differences between computerised and non-computerised  systems.
• State the impact of ICT on society.

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Educational Blogging Contest 2012 : Hari ICT UPSI

Pusat ICT telah berjaya menganjurkan beberapa siri Program Hari ICT  yang merupakan program tahunan di UPSI. Pada tahun 2006, Perpustakaan dan Pusat ICT telah mengadakan buat kali pertamanya sambutan Bulan Membaca dan Hari ICT secara bersama. Melalui program ini, warga UPSI dan masyarakat sekitar Tanjong Malim telah mendapat  pendedahan kepada kepentingan pengetahuan dan ilmu, serta mengikuti perkembangan teknologi semasa dan peranan ICT untuk  kehidupan masa kini. Bermula hari ICT 2008, pertandingan educational blogging akan dijadikan acara tahunan pada Hari ICT UPSI bagi menggalakkan perkembangan blogging di Malaysia. Sejak itu, pertandingan 'Educational Blogging' telah sinonim dengan Hari ICT, Pusat ICT, UPSI yang menawarkan hadiah lumayan kepada semua pemenangnya.

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